AlgoSec Security Management Solution for Cisco ACI and Cisco Nexus Dashboard Download PDF Download PDF Add a Title Add a Title Add a Title Schedule time with one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Continue

In today’s dynamic digital landscape, the security of hybrid networks has taken center stage. As organizations increasingly adopt cloud solutions, like Azure, the complexities of securing hybrid networks have grown significantly. In this blog post, we’ll provide an overview of the key products and solutions presented in the recent webinar with Microsoft, highlighting how they address these challenges. Azure Firewall: Key features Azure Firewall, a cloud-native firewall offers robust features... Hybrid Cloud Security Management Hybrid network security: Azure Firewall and AlgoSec solutions Joseph Hallman 2 min read Joseph Hallman Short bio about author here Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur. Vitae donec tincidunt elementum quam laoreet duis sit enim. Duis mattis velit sit leo diam. Tags Share this article 10/30/23 Published In today’s dynamic digital landscape, the security of hybrid networks has taken center stage. As organizations increasingly adopt cloud solutions, like Azure, the complexities of securing hybrid networks have grown significantly. In this blog post, we’ll provide an overview of the key products and solutions presented in the recent webinar with Microsoft, highlighting how they address these challenges. Azure Firewall: Key features Azure Firewall, a cloud-native firewall offers robust features and benefits. It boasts high availability, auto-scalability, and requires minimal maintenance. Key capabilities include: Filtering and securing both network and application traffic. Support for source NAT and destination NAT configurations. Built-in threat intelligence to identify and block suspicious traffic. Three SKUs catering to different customer needs, with the Premium SKU offering advanced security features. Premium features encompass deep packet inspection, intrusion detection and prevention, web content filtering, and filtering based on web categories. Azure Firewall seamlessly integrates with other Azure services like DDoS protection, API gateway, private endpoints, and Sentinel for security correlation and alerting. AlgoSec: Simplifying hybrid network security AlgoSec specializes in simplifying hybrid network security. Their solutions address challenges such as managing multiple applications across multiple cloud platforms. AlgoSec’s offerings include: Visibility into application connectivity. Risk assessment across hybrid environments. Intelligent automation for efficient and secure network changes. CloudFlow: Managing cloud security policies AlgoSec Cloud, a SaaS solution, centralizes the management of security policies across various cloud platforms. Key features include: A security rating system to identify high-risk Risk assessment for assets Identification of unused rules Detailed policy visibility A powerful traffic simulation query tool to analyze traffic routes and rule effectiveness. Risk-aware change automation to identify potential risks associated with network changes. Integration with Azure Cloudflow seamlessly integrates with Azure, extending support to Azure Firewall and network security groups. It enables in-depth analysis of security risks and policies within Azure subscriptions. AlgoSec's cloud security capabilities deliver synergistic advantages, enhancing security and compliance features. Conclusion In the ever-evolving landscape of hybrid networks, Azure Firewall and AlgoSec Cloudflow are powerful allies. Azure Firewall provides robust security for Azure customers, while Cloudflow offers a comprehensive approach to managing security policies across diverse cloud platforms. These solutions empower organizations to master hybrid network security, ensuring the security and efficiency of their applications and services. Resources- View the on-demand webinar here – Understanding your hybrid network security- with AlgoSec and Microsoft Azure.mp4 – AlgoSec Schedule a demo Related Articles Q1 at AlgoSec: What innovations and milestones defined our start to 2026? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read 2025 in review: What innovations and milestones defined AlgoSec’s transformative year in 2025? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Navigating Compliance in the Cloud AlgoSec Cloud Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Speak to one of our experts Speak to one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Schedule a call

Webinars Stop Putting out Fires. Pass Network Security Audits – Every Time Compliance with network and data security regulations and internal standards is vital and mission-critical. But with increasing global regulations and network complexities, it’s harder than ever to keep up. Firewall management and network security policies are critical components in achieving compliance. Firewall audits are complex and demanding and documentation of current rules is lacking. There’s no time and resources to find, organize, and inspect all your firewall rules. Instead of being proactive and preventative, network security teams are constantly putting out fires. In this webinar, you will learn: The golden rules for passing a network security audit Best practices to maintain continuous compliance How to conduct a risk assessment and fix issues Learn how to prevent fires and pass network security audits every time. Tal Dayan, AlgoSec’s product manager, will reveal the Firewall Audit Checklist, the six best practices to ensure successful audits. By adopting these best practices, security teams will significantly improve their network’s security posture and reduce the pain of ensuring compliance with regulations, industry standards and corporate policies. October 29, 2019 Tal Dayan AlgoSec security expert Relevant resources Network firewall security management See Documentation Firewall policy management Automate firewall rule changes See Documentation Securing & managing hybrid network security See Documentation Choose a better way to manage your network Choose a better way to manage your network Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Continue

Modern Slavery Statement Download PDF Download PDF Add a Title Add a Title Add a Title Schedule time with one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Continue

With expertise in data management, search algorithms, and AI, Google has created a cloud platform that excels in both performance and... Hybrid Cloud Security Management Improve visibility and identify risk across your Google Cloud environments with AlgoSec Cloud Joseph Hallman 2 min read Joseph Hallman Short bio about author here Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur. Vitae donec tincidunt elementum quam laoreet duis sit enim. Duis mattis velit sit leo diam. Tags Share this article 9/12/23 Published With expertise in data management, search algorithms, and AI, Google has created a cloud platform that excels in both performance and efficiency. The advanced machine learning, global infrastructure, and comprehensive suite of services available in Google Cloud demonstrates Google’s commitment to innovation. Many companies are leveraging these capabilities to explore new possibilities and achieve remarkable outcomes in the cloud. When large companies decide to locate or move critical business applications to the cloud, they often worry about security. Making decisions to move certain applications to the cloud should not create new security risks. Companies are concerned about things like hackers getting access to their data, unauthorized people viewing or tampering with sensitive information, and meeting compliance regulations. To address these concerns, it’s important for companies to implement strong security measures in the cloud, such as strict access controls, encrypting data, constantly monitoring for threats, and following industry security standards. Unfortunately, even with the best tools and safeguards in place it is hard to protect against everything. Human error plays a major part in this and can introduce threats with a few small mistakes in configuration files or security rules that can create unnecessary security risks. The CloudFlow solution from AlgoSec is a network security management solution designed for cloud environments. It provides clear visibility, risk analysis, and helps identify unused rules to help with policy cleanup across multi-cloud deployments. With CloudFlow, organizations can manage security policies, better understand risk, and enhance their overall security in the cloud. It offers centralized visibility, helps with policy management, and provides detailed risk assessment. With Algosec Cloud, and support for Google Cloud, many companies are gaining the following new capabilities: Improved visibility Identifying and reduce risk Generating detailed risk reports Optimizing existing policies Integrating with other cloud providers and on-premise security devices Improve overall visibility into your cloud environments Gain clear visibility into your Google Cloud, Inventory, and network risks. In addition, you can see all the rules impacting your Google Cloud VPCs in one place. View network and inherited policies across all your Google Cloud Projects in one place. Using the built-in search tool and filters it is easy to search and locate policies based on the project, region, and VPC network. View all the rules protecting your Google Cloud VPCs in one place. View VPC firewall rules and the inherited rules from hierarchical firewall policies Gain visibility for your security rules and policies across all of your Google Cloud projects in one place. Identify and Reduce Risk in your Cloud Environments CloudFlow includes the ability to identify risks in your Google Cloud environment and their severity. Look across policies for risks and then drill down to look at specific rules and the affected assets. For any rule, you can conveniently view the risk description, the risk remediation suggestion and all its affected assets. Quickly identify policies that include risk Look at risky rules and suggested remediation Understand the assets that are affected Identify risky rules so you can confidently remove them and avoid data breaches. Tip: Hover over the: Description icon : to view the risk description. Remediation icon: to view the remediation suggestion. Quickly create and share detailed risk reports From the left menu select Risk and then use the built-in filters to narrow down your selection and view specific risk based on cloud type, account, region, tags, and severity. Once the selections are made a detailed report can be automatically generated for you by clicking on the pdf report icon in the top right of the screen. Generate detailed risk reports to share in a few clicks. Optimize Existing Policies Unused rules represent a common security risk and create policy bloat that can complicate both cloud performance and connectivity. View unused rules on the Overview page, for each project you can see the number of Google Cloud rules not being used based on a defined analysis period. This information can assist in cleaning the policies and reducing the attack surface. Select analysis period Identify unused rule to help optimize your cloud security policies Quickly locate rules that are not in use to help reduce your attack surface. Integrate with other cloud providers and on-premise security devices Manage Google Cloud projects, other cloud solutions, and on-premise firewall devices by using AlgoSec Cloud along with the AlgoSec Security Management Suite (ASMS). Integrate with the full suite of solutions from AlgoSec for a powerful and comprehensive way to manage applications connectivity across your entire hybrid environment. CloudFlow plus ASMS provides clear visibility, risk identification, and other capabilities across large complex hybrid networks. Resources- Quick overview video about CloudFlow and Google Cloud support For more details about AlgoSec Security Management Suite or to schedule a demo please visit- www.algosec.com Schedule a demo Related Articles Q1 at AlgoSec: What innovations and milestones defined our start to 2026? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read 2025 in review: What innovations and milestones defined AlgoSec’s transformative year in 2025? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Navigating Compliance in the Cloud AlgoSec Cloud Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Speak to one of our experts Speak to one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Schedule a call

Is it getting harder and harder to keep track of all your cloud assets? You're not alone. In today's dynamic world of hybrid and... Cloud Security Introducing AlgoSec Cloud Enterprise: Your Comprehensive App-First Cloud Security Solution Iris Stein 2 min read Iris Stein Short bio about author here Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur. Vitae donec tincidunt elementum quam laoreet duis sit enim. Duis mattis velit sit leo diam. Tags Share this article 1/27/25 Published Is it getting harder and harder to keep track of all your cloud assets? You're not alone. In today's dynamic world of hybrid and multi-cloud environments, maintaining clear visibility of your IT infrastructure has never been more complex. 82% of organizations report that lack of visibility is a major factor in cloud security breaches. Traditional tools often fall short, leaving potential security vulnerabilities exposed and your business at risk. But there's good news! Introducing AlgoSec Cloud Enterprise (ACE) , a game-changer for managing and securing your on-premises and cloud networks. ACE provides the visibility, automation, and control you need to protect your business, no matter where your applications reside. What is AlgoSec Cloud Enterprise? AlgoSec Cloud Enterprise (ACE) is a comprehensive application-centric security solution built for the modern cloud enterprise. It empowers organizations to gain complete visibility, enforce consistent policies, and accelerate application delivery across cloud and on-premises environments. AlgoSec Cloud Enterprise (ACE) is the latest addition to AlgoSec's Horizon Platform, a comprehensive suite of security solutions designed to protect your applications and data. By integrating ACE into the Horizon Platform, AlgoSec offers a unified approach to securing your entire IT infrastructure, from on-premises to multi-cloud environments. For existing AlgoSec customers: ACE seamlessly integrates with your current AlgoSec deployments, extending your security posture to encompass the dynamic world of cloud and containers. For new AlgoSec customers: ACE provides a unified solution to manage security across your entire cloud estate, simplifying operations and reducing risk. Key Features and Capabilities ACE is packed with powerful features to help you take control of your application security: Deep application visibility: ACE discovers and maps all your applications and their components, providing a comprehensive view of your application landscape. You gain insights into application dependencies, vulnerabilities, and risks, enabling you to identify and address security gaps proactively. Unified security policy management: Define and enforce consistent security policies across all your environments, from the cloud to on-premises. This ensures uniform protection for all your applications and simplifies security management. Automated security and compliance: Automate critical security tasks, such as vulnerability assessment, compliance monitoring, and security change management. This reduces the risk of human error and frees up your security team to focus on more strategic initiatives. Organizations using automation in their security operations report a 25% reduction in security incidents . Streamlined change management: Accelerate application delivery with automated security workflows. ACE simplifies change management processes, ensuring that security keeps pace with the speed of your business. Maintain a full audit trail of all changes for complete compliance and accountability. Detect and prevent risks across the supply chain and CI/CD pipelines: Identify vulnerabilities in applications and block malicious containerized workloads from compromising business-critical production environments. Addressing Customer Pain Points ACE is designed to solve the real-world challenges faced by security teams today: Reduce application risk: Proactively identify and mitigate vulnerabilities and security threats to your applications. Accelerate application delivery: Streamline security processes and automate change management to speed up deployments. Ensure application compliance: Meet regulatory requirements and industry standards with automated compliance monitoring and reporting. Gain complete visibility: Understand your application landscape and identify potential security risks. Simplify application security management: Manage security policies and controls from a single, unified pane of glass. Prevent vulnerabilities from moving to production Ready to take your application security to the next level? Visit the AlgoSec Cloud Enterprise product page to learn more. Download our datasheet, request a personalized demo, or sign up for a free trial to experience the power of ACE for yourself. We're confident that ACE will revolutionize the way you secure your applications in the cloud. Contact us today to get started! Schedule a demo Related Articles Q1 at AlgoSec: What innovations and milestones defined our start to 2026? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read 2025 in review: What innovations and milestones defined AlgoSec’s transformative year in 2025? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Navigating Compliance in the Cloud AlgoSec Cloud Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Speak to one of our experts Speak to one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Schedule a call

Introduction Imagine your sensitive business data falling into the wrong hands. A data breach can be devastating, leading to financial... Cloud Security What Is Cloud Encryption? Your Key to Data Security Asher Benbenisty 2 min read Asher Benbenisty Short bio about author here Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur. Vitae donec tincidunt elementum quam laoreet duis sit enim. Duis mattis velit sit leo diam. Tags Share this article 12/16/24 Published Introduction Imagine your sensitive business data falling into the wrong hands. A data breach can be devastating, leading to financial losses, legal headaches, and irreparable damage to your reputation. Cloud encryption is your key to protecting your valuable data and ensuring peace of mind in the cloud. In this article, we'll explore cloud encryption and how AlgoSec can help you implement it effectively. We'll cover the basics of encryption, its benefits, the challenges you might face, and best practices to ensure your data stays safe. What Is Cloud Encryption? Cloud encryption is like creating a secret code for your data. It scrambles your information so that only authorized people with the key can read it. This process ensures that even if someone gains unauthorized access to your data, they won't be able to understand or use it. Cloud encryption is essential for protecting sensitive information like customer data, financial records, and intellectual property. It helps organizations meet compliance requirements, maintain data privacy, and safeguard their reputation. Encryption in Action: Protecting Data at Rest and in Transit Cloud encryption can be used to protect data in two states: Data at Rest: This refers to data that is stored in the cloud, such as in databases or storage buckets. Encryption ensures that even if someone gains access to the storage, they can't read the data without the encryption key. Data in Transit: This refers to data that is moving between locations, such as between your computer and a cloud server. Encryption protects the data while it travels over the internet, preventing eavesdropping and unauthorized access. How does it work? Cloud encryption uses algorithms to transform your data into an unreadable format. Think of it like this: Symmetric encryption: You and the recipient have the same key to lock (encrypt) and unlock (decrypt) the data. It's like using the same key for your front and back door. Asymmetric encryption: There are two keys: a public key to lock the data and a private key to unlock it. It's like having a mailbox with a slot for anyone to drop mail in (public key), but only you have the key to open the mailbox (private key). Why Encrypt Your Cloud Data? Cloud encryption offers a wide range of benefits: Compliance: Avoid costly fines and legal battles by meeting compliance requirements like GDPR, HIPAA, and PCI DSS. Data Protection: Safeguard your sensitive data, whether it's financial transactions, customer information, or intellectual property. Control and Ownership: Maintain control over your data and who can access it. Insider Threat Protection: Reduce the risk of data breaches caused by malicious or negligent employees. Multi-Tenancy Security: Enhance data security and isolation in shared cloud environments. Cloud Encryption Challenges (and How AlgoSec Helps) While cloud encryption is essential, it can be complex to manage. Here are some common challenges: Key Management: Securely managing encryption keys is crucial. Losing or mismanaging keys can lead to data loss. AlgoSec Solution: AlgoSec provides a centralized key management system to simplify and secure your encryption keys. Compliance: Meeting various regional and industry-specific regulations can be challenging. AlgoSec Solution: AlgoSec helps you navigate compliance requirements and implement appropriate encryption controls. Shared Responsibility: Understanding the shared responsibility model and your role in managing encryption can be complex. AlgoSec Solution: AlgoSec provides clear guidance and tools to help you fulfill your security responsibilities. Cloud Encryption Best Practices Encrypt Everything: Encrypt data both at rest and in transit. Choose Strong Algorithms: Use strong encryption algorithms like AES-256. Manage Keys Securely: Use a key management system (KMS) like the one provided by AlgoSec to automate and secure key management. Control Access: Implement strong access controls and identity management systems. Stay Compliant: Adhere to industry standards and regulations. Monitor and Audit: Regularly monitor your encryption implementation and conduct audits to ensure ongoing effectiveness. Conclusion Protecting your data in the cloud is non-negotiable. Cloud encryption is a fundamental security measure that every organization should implement. By understanding the benefits, challenges, and best practices of cloud encryption, you can make informed decisions to safeguard your sensitive information. Ready to protect your cloud data with encryption? AlgoSec helps businesses ensure data confidentiality and drastically lower the risk of cloud security incidents. Dive deeper into cloud security: Read our previous blog posts, Unveiling Cloud's Hidden Risks, A Secure VPC as the Main Pillar of Cloud Security, Azure Best Practices and Kubernetes Security Best Practices to uncover the top challenges and learn how to gain control of your cloud environment. These articles will equip you with the knowledge and tools to strengthen your cloud defenses. Subscribe to our blog to stay informed and join us on the journey to a safer and more resilient cloud future. Have a specific cloud security challenge? Contact us today for a free consultation. Want to learn more about how AlgoSec can help you secure your Kubernetes environment? Request a free demo today! Schedule a demo Related Articles Q1 at AlgoSec: What innovations and milestones defined our start to 2026? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read 2025 in review: What innovations and milestones defined AlgoSec’s transformative year in 2025? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Navigating Compliance in the Cloud AlgoSec Cloud Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Speak to one of our experts Speak to one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Schedule a call

In the previous parts of our blog ( part I and part II ), we have described the most important parts of the Sunburst backdoor... Cloud Security Sunburst Backdoor, Part III: DGA & Security Software Rony Moshkovich 2 min read Rony Moshkovich Short bio about author here Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur. Vitae donec tincidunt elementum quam laoreet duis sit enim. Duis mattis velit sit leo diam. Tags Share this article 12/22/20 Published In the previous parts of our blog ( part I and part II ), we have described the most important parts of the Sunburst backdoor functionality and its Domain Generation Algorithm (DGA). This time, let’s have a deeper look into the passive DNS requests reported by Open-Source Context and Zetalytics . The valid DNS requests generated by the malware fall into 2 groups: DNS requests that encode a local domain name DNS requests that encode data The first type of DNS requests allows splitting long domain names into separate requests. These requests are generated by the malware’s functions GetPreviousString() and GetCurrentString() . In general, the format of a DNS request that encodes a domain name may look like: USER_ID.NUM.COMPUTER_DOMAIN[.]appsync-api.us-west-2[.]avsvmcloud[.]com where: USER_ID is an 8-byte user ID that uniquely identifies a compromised host, encoded as a 15-character string NUM is a number of a domain name – either 0 or 1, encoded as a character COMPUTER_DOMAIN is an encoded local computer domain Let’s try decoding the following 3 DNS requests: olc62cocacn7u2q22v02eu.appsync-api.us-west-2.avsvmcloud.com r1qshoj05ji05ac6eoip02jovt6i2v0c.appsync-api.us-west-2.avsvmcloud.com lt5ai41qh5d53qoti3mkmc0.appsync-api.us-west-2.avsvmcloud.com String 1 Let’s start from the 1st string in the list: olc62cocacn7u2q22v02eu.appsync-api.us-west-2.avsvmcloud.com. In this string, the first 15-character string is an encoded USER_ID : “olc62cocacn7u2q” . Once it is base-64 decoded, as explained in the previous post, it becomes a 9-byte byte array: 86 7f 2f be f9 fb a3 ae c4 The first byte in this byte array is a XOR key: 0x86 . Once applied to the 8 bytes that follow it, we get the 8-byte user ID – let’s take a note and write it down, we will need it later: f9 a9 38 7f 7d 25 28 42 Next, let’s take the NUM part of the encoded domain: it’s a character “2” located at the position #15 (starting from 0) of the encrypted domain. In order to decode the NUM number, we have to take the first character of the encrypted domain, take the reminder of its division by 36 , and subtract the NUM ‘s position in the string “0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz” : num = domain[0] % 36 – “0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz”.IndexOf(domain.Substring(15, 1)); The result is 1 . That means the decrypted domain will be the 2nd part of a full domain name. The first part must have its NUM decoded as 0. The COMPUTER_DOMAIN part of the encrypted domain is “2v02eu” . Once decoded, using the previously explained method, the decoded computer domain name becomes “on.ca” . String 2 Let’s decode the second passive DNS request from our list: r1qshoj05ji05ac6eoip02jovt6i2v0c.appsync-api.us-west-2.avsvmcloud.com Just as before, the decoded 8-byte user ID becomes: f9 a9 38 7f 7d 25 28 42 The NUM part of the encoded domain, located at the position #15 (starting from 0), is a character “6” . Let’s decode it, by taking the first character ( “r” = 114 ), take the reminder of its division by 36 ( 114 % 36 = 6 ), and subtracting the position of the character “6” in the “0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz” , which is 6 . The result is 0 . That means the decrypted domain will be the 1st part of the full domain name. The COMPUTER_DOMAIN part of the encrypted domain is “eoip02jovt6i2v0c” . Once decoded, it becomes “city.kingston.” Next, we need to match 2 decrypted domains by the user ID, which is f9 a9 38 7f 7d 25 28 42 in both cases, and concatenate the first and the second parts of the domain. The result will be “city.kingston.on.ca” . String 3 Here comes the most interesting part. Lets try to decrypt the string #3 from our list of passive DNS requests: lt5ai41qh5d53qoti3mkmc0.appsync-api.us-west-2.avsvmcloud.com The decoded user ID is not relevant, as the decoded NUM part is a number -29 . It’s neither 0 nor 1 , so what kind of domain name that is? If we ignore the NUM part and decode the domain name, using the old method, we will get “thx8xb” , which does not look like a valid domain name. Cases like that are not the noise, and are not some artificially encrypted artifacts that showed up among the DNS requests. This is a different type of DNS requests. Instead of encoding local domain names, these types of requests contain data. They are generated by the malware’s function GetNextStringEx() . The encryption method is different as well. Let’s decrypt this request. First, we can decode the encrypted domain, using the same base-64 method, as before . The string will be decoded into 14 bytes: 7c a5 4d 64 9b 21 c1 74 a6 59 e4 5c 7c 7f Let’s decode these bytes, starting from the 2nd byte, and using the first byte as a XOR key. We will get: 7c d9 31 18 e7 5d bd 08 da 25 98 20 00 03 In this array, the bytes marked in yellow are an 8-byte User ID, encoded with a XOR key that is selected from 2 bytes marked in red. Let’s decode User ID: for ( int i = 0 ; i < 8 ; i++) { bytes[i + 1 ] ^= bytes[ 11 - i % 2 ]; } The decoded byte array becomes: 7c f9 a9 38 7f 7d 25 28 42 25 98 20 00 03 The User ID part in marked in yellow. Does it look familiar? Indeed, it’s the same User ID we’ve seen before, when we decoded “city.kingston.on.ca” . The next 3 bytes marked in red are: 25 98 20 . 2 0x59820 The first number 2 stands for the size of data that follows – this data is 00 03 (selected in green). The number 0x59820 , or 366,624 in decimal, is a timestamp. It’s a number of 4-second periods of time since 1 January 2010. To obtain the real time stamp, we need to multiple it by 15 to get minutes, then add those minutes to 1 January 2010: var date = ( new DateTime( 2010 , 1 , 1 , 0 , 0 , 0 , DateTimeKind.Utc)).AddMinutes(timestamp * 15 ); For the number 0x59820 , the time stamp becomes 16 July 2020 12:00:00 AM – that’s the day when the DNS request was made. The remaining 2 bytes, 00 03 , encrypt the state of 8 security products, to indicate whether each one of them is running or whether it is stopped. The 8 security products are: Windows Live OneCare / Windows Defender Windows Defender Advanced Threat Protection Microsoft Defender for Identity Carbon Black CrowdStrike FireEye ESET F-Secure 2 states for 8 products require 2 * 8 = 16 bits = 2 bytes. The 2 bytes 00 03 in binary form are: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 Here, the least-significant bits 11 identify that the first product in the list, Windows Live OneCare / Windows Defender, is reported as ‘running’ ( 1 ) and as ‘stopped’ ( 1 ). Now we know that apart from the local domain, the trojanised SolarWinds software running on the same compromised host on “city.kingston.on.ca” domain has also reported the status of the Windows Defender software. What Does it Mean? As explained in the first part of our description, the malware is capable of stopping the services of security products, be manipulating registry service keys under Administrator account. It’s likely that the attackers are using DNS queries as a C2 channel to first understand what security products are present. Next, the same channel is used to instruct the malware to stop/deactivate these services, before the 2nd stage payload, TearDrop Backdoor, is deployed. Armed with this knowledge, let’s decode other passive DNS requests, printing the cases when the compromised host reports a running security software. NOTES: As a private case, if the data size field is 0 or 1 , the timestamp field is not followed with any data. Such type of DNS request is generated by the malware’s function GetNextString() . It is called ‘a ping’ in the listing below. If the first part of the domain name is missing, the recovered domain name is pre-pended with ‘*’ . The malware takes the time difference in minutes, then divides it by 30 and then converts the result from double type to int type; as a result of such conversion, the time stamps are truncated to the earliest half hour. 2D82B037C060515C SFBALLET Data: Windows Live OneCare / Windows Defender [running] 11/07/2020 12:00:00 AM Pings: 12/07/2020 12:30:00 AM 70DEE5C062CFEE53 ccscurriculum.c Data: ESET [running] 17/04/2020 4:00:00 PM Pings: 20/04/2020 5:00:00 PM AB902A323B541775 mountsinai.hospital Pings: 4/07/2020 12:30:00 AM 9ACC3A3067DC7FD5 *ripta.com Data: ESET [running] 12/09/2020 6:30:00 AM Pings: 13/09/2020 7:30:00 AM 14/09/2020 9:00:00 AM CB34C4EBCB12AF88 DPCITY.I7a Data: ESET [running] 26/06/2020 5:00:00 PM Pings: 27/06/2020 6:30:00 PM 28/06/2020 7:30:00 PM 29/06/2020 8:30:00 PM 29/06/2020 8:30:00 PM E5FAFE265E86088E *scroot.com Data: CrowdStrike [running] 25/07/2020 2:00:00 PM Pings: 26/07/2020 2:30:00 PM 26/07/2020 2:30:00 PM 27/07/2020 3:00:00 PM 27/07/2020 3:00:00 PM 426030B2ED480DED *kcpl.com Data: Windows Live OneCare / Windows Defender [running] 8/07/2020 12:00:00 AM Carbon Black [running] 8/07/2020 12:00:00 AM Full list of decoded pDNS requests can be found here . An example of a working implementation is available at this repo. Schedule a demo Related Articles Q1 at AlgoSec: What innovations and milestones defined our start to 2026? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read 2025 in review: What innovations and milestones defined AlgoSec’s transformative year in 2025? AlgoSec Reviews Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Navigating Compliance in the Cloud AlgoSec Cloud Mar 19, 2023 · 2 min read Speak to one of our experts Speak to one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Schedule a call

Learn best practices for mastering network object management Webinars From chaos to control - overcoming 5 challenges of network object management Learn how to master network object management Join our free webinar on conquering 5 common network object management obstacles! Learn practical tips and strategies to simplify your network management process and boost efficiency. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to improve your network performance and minimize headaches. May 24, 2023 Kfir Tabak Product Manager Relevant resources Synchronized Object Management in a Multi-Vendor Environment Watch Video How to Structure Network Objects to Plan for Future Policy Growth Watch Video How to Manage Dynamic Objects in Cloud Environments Watch Video Choose a better way to manage your network Choose a better way to manage your network Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Continue

What you do Matters Where your voice will always be heard and your opinion will always count Join our awesome team Our Values Teamwork and great work environment Customer satisfaction Excellence Accountability and execution Thorough decision-making process Diversity Equity Inclusion & Belonging 540+ employees Personal Coaching Mentoring Day in a life AlgoSec DEIB Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging We are passionate about People, Culture, Growth, Collaboration Our Vision: Secure Application Connectivity, Anywhere. 26 Location Worldwide

Learn about the essentials of enterprise cloud security, including its importance, challenges, functionality, solutions, and key pillars. What is cloud security pillars trends and strategies Select a size Which network Can AlgoSec be used for continuous compliance monitoring? Yes, AlgoSec supports continuous compliance monitoring. As organizations adapt their security policies to meet emerging threats and address new vulnerabilities, they must constantly verify these changes against the compliance frameworks they subscribe to. AlgoSec can generate risk assessment reports and conduct internal audits on-demand, allowing compliance officers to monitor compliance performance in real-time. Security professionals can also use AlgoSec to preview and simulate proposed changes to the organization’s security policies. This gives compliance officers a valuable degree of lead-time before planned changes impact regulatory guidelines and allows for continuous real-time monitoring. What is cloud security? Pillars, trends, and strategies Learn about the essentials of enterprise cloud security, including its importance, challenges, functionality, solutions, and key pillars. What is cloud security? Cloud security (or cloud-native security) encompasses the strategies, tools, processes, and teams that seek to fortify enterprise cloud environments. Cloud security strategies focus on securing cloud networks, infrastructure, systems, applications, and data from internal security risks, such as vulnerabilities and misconfigurations, as well as from external risks like cyberattacks. What are today’s top cloud security trends? Companies today are adopting cloud technologies at scale and with diverse deployment architectures. Some opt for public cloud services from vendors like AWS, Google Cloud, or Azure, while others invest in a dedicated private cloud infrastructure. Some organizations procure services from a single vendor, whereas others integrate components in multi-cloud or hybrid cloud strategies. The cloud security market is forecast to reach nearly $63 billion by 2028. This reflects the current state of widespread cloud adoption, the proliferation of cloud computing services, and a constant influx of new cloud security trends. Why are cloud security strategies important? Cloud security is one of the most critical pillars of any modern enterprise. Here’s why top-notch cloud security strategies are a strategic imperative: Widespread cloud adoption: Cloud computing is no longer a wishlist item but a necessity. Gartner research forecasts that companies will collectively spend more than $1 trillion on cloud investments by 2027. Sophisticated cloud threat landscape: Mission-critical cloud networks and infrastructure are under relentless siege from adversaries. According to IBM’s latest report , data breaches are now costing companies a mean value of $4.4 million. Complex compliance requirements: Enterprises must ensure that their cloud environments adhere to standards like GDPR, HIPAA, and PCI DSS. Cloud security and compliance are inextricably linked, so reinforcing one will benefit the other. Data privacy expectations: Cloud networks and infrastructure port and store vast volumes of sensitive data, from customer information to business secrets. Keeping this data secure is essentia l to avoid legal, financial, and reputational headaches. Future-proofing IT environments: With a robust cloud security posture, organizations can dynamically scale their cloud networks and infrastructure based on strategic pivots, emerging needs, and cloud security trends. How does cloud-native security work? Cloud security involves multiple moving parts—from advanced tools and technical controls to organizational culture and security best practices. Achieving holistic cloud security mandates three crucial components: Continuously monitoring cloud networks and infrastructure to detect anomalies Proactively improving your cloud security posture by tightening access controls and remediating misconfigurations Establishing strategies for mitigation, e.g., incident response playbooks, to remediate threats How can companies ensure unified cloud security and untangle the complexities of securing complex cloud network architectures? Adopt cutting-edge cloud security solutions. First, let’s review an important aspect of using a third party in your cloud security endeavors. Understanding shared responsibility models Shared responsibility models are another intricacy of contemporary cloud security. Cloud provider security offerings aren’t typically all-encompassing. And the onus is on you to decode the shared responsibility model of your chosen cloud provider. In other words: What will they handle, and what will you be obliged to oversee? Also, don’t assume that two cloud providers have similar shared responsibility models. For instance, Google Cloud’s model is radically different from that of AWS, so make sure you go over the fine print for any provider carefully. Now, let’s turn back to what makes a cloud security solution cutting-edge. What is an ideal cloud-native security solution? A comprehensive cloud security suite should include the following tools and capabilities: Cloud security posture management (CSPM): Proactively optimize cloud security and compliance posture by remediating risks in order of criticality. Market snapshot: The CSPM industry has been growing at more than 15% since 2022. Cloud identity and entitlement management (CIEM): Support governance, security, and access controls across human and machine cloud identities; mitigate identity and access management (IAM) risks. Note: CIEM tools are basically the cloud variant of IAM solutions. Cloud workload protection platform (CWPP): Secure cloud workloads across multi-cloud and hybrid cloud setups; this is particularly useful across CI/CD pipelines and DevSecOps workflows due to workload emphasis. Security information and event management (SIEM): Gather, correlate, and cross-analyze data from the entire IT ecosystem—from cloud networks to on-premises hardware and internet-of-things (IoT) devices. Security orchestration, automation, and response (SOAR): Integrate and coalesce previously disparate security tools, processes, and workflows to optimize threat detection and incident response capabilities. Data loss prevention (DLP): Detect instances of cloud data exfiltration, exposure, misuse, or compromise. Firewalls and intrusion detection systems (IDS): Monitor cloud network traffic and receive alerts for suspicious or anomalous traffic flows or behaviors. Network security policy management (NSPM): Automatically design, enforce, and maintain cloud network security and compliance policies. Micro-segmentation: Break down the cloud network into granular subsections, each with unique security policies, controls, and rule sets to prevent lateral movement and provide quick issue resolution. Note: Micro-segmentation lies at the heart of zero trust architecture. With the above features in mind, let’s move on to the security challenges they were built to battle. With the above features in mind, let’s move on to the security challenges they were built to battle. Cloud security challenges Cloud-native security is inherently complex, but the hurdles you face are compounded by myriad internal and external factors. Mapping complex architectures and attack surfaces Cloud environments are constantly shapeshifting and filled with dynamic, distributed, and ephemeral applications, data, and connectivity flows. Creating a topology of exploitable risks across this landscape is complicated. Mapping and visualizing cloud networks, particularly in labyrinthine hybrid architectures, is next to impossible without the right tools. Achieving robust governance Many companies find it challenging to effectively and holistically steward cloud applications, networks, data, and resources—especially in multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud setups. Navigating regulatory compliance Adding to the above hurdle, regulations can change—and new ones are popping up continuously. Busin esses have to keep up to avoid noncompliance penalties and legal entanglements. Uncovering shadow IT Cloud environments are perpetually in flux, which means certain resources can easily slip out of centralized management or view. Regaining control of these hidden, often risk-ridden resources is difficult. Remediating vulnerabilities and misconfigurations The volume of cloud vulnerabilities far exceeds most organizations’ resources. Companies must focus on prioritizing risks so that threats to mission-critical cloud resources are dealt with first. Battling evolving attack techniques Adversaries are employing sophisticated AI-driven tactics to design and scale their attacks. Against this backdrop of radical methods, many businesses are struggling to defend their cloud estates. Minimizing cloud costs Cloud security lapses can be pricey to resolve. If cloud security expenses get out of hand, this can undercut all of the cost benefits that cloud adoption promises. Balancing security and agility One of the cloud’s biggest selling points is its speed and dynamism. However, ineffective implementation of cloud security measures can potentially slow down operations and stall strategic and operational momentum. Having reviewed the critical hurdles to cloud security, what are the top strategies required to mitigate them and reinforce proper cloud security? The most critical cloud security pillars Cloud environments might be rife with risks, but a robust cloud security program that hinges on a powerful unified solution can help efficiently address those risks and maximize the cloud’s potential. Highlighted below are the key pillars of robust cloud security that the optimal solution will actively reinforce. Comprehensive visibility All the best cloud security strategies begin with full-stack visibility. This means end-to-end coverage and real-time insights across cloud networks, applications, data, policies, and connectivity flows. Data security In many ways, the answer to “what is cloud security” is simply “cloud-based data security.” Advanced controls and measures like encryption, anonymization, classification, and role-based access contro l (RBAC) all help safeguard sensitive data. Zero tr ust architecture (discussed below) is also ideal for robust data security. Robust identity and access management (IAM) Identity and access management (IAM) involves right-sizing entitlements and optimizing access controls across digital identities. With a top IAM tool, ideally integrated into a comprehensive cloud security platform, companies can fine-tune privileges across digital identities. This prevents unnecessary access to critical data and streamlines access to role-essential applications and assets. Policy and configuration management Well-oiled policy management is one of the strongest cloud security pillars. The cornerstone of optimized policy and configuration management is the ability to automate systems to design, manage, and monitor cloud policies and configurations. Automation also enables a tool to curb drift with minimal manual intervention and error. AI-driven automation and orchestration AI-driven automation is one of the most prevalent cloud security trends. This, coupled with orchestration, implements predefined and intricately choreographed security processes and workflows to detect and remediate threats with minimal human intervention. Zero trust architecture Zero trust architecture is a cornerstone of most cloud security strategies. Enterprises should adopt a network security approach based on the “never trust, always verify” philosophy, along with least privilege, just-in-time (JIT) access, micro-segmentation, and multi-factor authentication. Threat detection and response No matter how cloud security trends ebb and flow, businesses need to be prepared with a plan for threat detection and response. The primary goal here is real-time network and infrastructure threat monitoring. This should be supported by predefined and automated incident response protocols and playbooks to remediate cloud security events. DevSecOps DevSecOps is a framework where a security-centric component has been added to the DevOps meth odology. Since the cloud is used to expedite software pipelines, DevSecOps is crucial to ensure you don’t sacrifice security for speed. Supply chain risk management Mitigating third-party risks means complete visibility and proactive risk mitigation across third-party resources and dependencies. Within DevSecOps workflows, this includes vetting third-party code, components, and dependencies. Threat intelligence Threat intelligence should be a constant presence in your cloud-native security program. The key is to integrate tools like IAM and CSPM with internal and external threat data streams. The best way to maximize a unified cloud security platform is to integrate up-to-date threat data streams. The ripple effect of world-class threat intelligence is profound and will significantly transform your detection and response skills across cloud networks and infrastructure. AlgoSec: A cloud security powerhouse With a unified solution like AlgoSec, businesses can transform the cloud security conundrum into an opportunity to reinforce their cloud operations and drive value. AlgoSec focuses on the most crucial cloud security pillars: Full-stack visibility Automated policy management Comprehensive compliance controls App-centric model for application-heavy environments Crucially, AlgoSec unifies these non-negotiables into a single platform. From the AlgoSec Cloud Enterprise (ACE) platform to tools like Horizon AppViz , Horizon FireFlow , and Horizon Security Analyzer , AlgoSec is a cloud network fortress. Get a demo to see how AlgoSec can help you achieve optimal enterprise cloud security. Get the latest insights from the experts Schedule time with one of our experts Work email* First name* Last name* Company* country* Select country... Short answer* By submitting this form, I accept AlgoSec's privacy policy Continue